Strategy

Jobs To Be Done Interviews

A practical research and strategy method for uncovering the motivations, tradeoffs, and decision forces behind why people choose, switch, or leave products.

How to use Jobs To Be Done interviews to understand real decision moments, uncover unmet needs, and improve product and positioning around what people actually choose.

25 March 20184 min read

Quick take

If you want to understand why people choose a product, not just how they use it, run Jobs To Be Done interviews.

What it is

interviews are a UX method used to understand the motivations behind , particularly why people choose, switch, or abandon products.

They focus on the “job” a user is trying to get done and the forces influencing their decisions.

Instead of asking what users want, JTBD interviews explore what triggered them to act, what alternatives they considered, and what ultimately drove their decision.

This includes functional, emotional, and social factors.

The goal is to uncover the real reasons behind so you can design products that better meet user needs.

JTBD interviews are most useful when the real question is why someone made a choice, not just what they did after making it.

When to use it

Use this method when you want to understand and at a deeper level.

It is most useful when:

You are defining or refining a product or service
You want to understand why users choose or switch
You are exploring unmet needs or opportunities
You are working on product-market fit
You want to improve acquisition or retention

It is less useful when:

You are focused on usability or interface issues
You need quick, surface-level feedback
The product and behaviour are already well understood
JTBD interviews are often used in product strategy and discovery.

Key takeaway

Use JTBD interviews when better product decisions depend on understanding the triggers, tradeoffs, and motivations behind real choices.

How to run it

Set up properly.

Before you start, be clear on the product or you are exploring, the type of users you need (recent adopters, switchers, or churned users), and the timeframe.

Recruit users who have recently made a decision.

Run the method.

JTBD interviews are structured but conversational.

Focus on a specific moment in time. Ask what triggered the decision. Explore alternatives considered. Understand motivations and concerns. Identify what pushed and pulled the user.

Avoid general opinions. Focus on real events.

Capture and make sense of it.

The value comes from understanding decision forces.

Look across interviews to identify common triggers and motivations, in switching , barriers and concerns, and unmet needs.

Use this to inform product and positioning.

What to look for

Focus on:

Triggers
What caused the user to act
Alternatives
What other options were considered
Motivations
Why the user made the decision
Friction
What nearly stopped them
Outcomes
What success looks like

Where it goes wrong

Most issues come from:

If it’s not grounded in real , it won’t help.

asking about opinions instead of real events
not focusing on a specific decision moment
leading the participant
relying on assumptions
not analysing patterns across interviews

What you get from it

Done properly, this method gives you:

deep understanding of user motivations
insight into decision-making and switching
identification of unmet needs
stronger product and marketing strategy

Key takeaway

It helps you build products people actually choose.

Get in touch

If this sounds like something you need, we can help you uncover why your users make decisions and how to design products they actually choose.

No guesswork. No assumptions. Just that drives better products.

FAQ

Common questions

A few practical answers to the questions that usually come up around this method.

What are Jobs To Be Done interviews?

They are interviews focused on understanding why users make decisions.

When should you use JTBD interviews?

Use them when exploring product decisions, switching, or .

What makes JTBD interviews different?

They focus on real events and motivations, not opinions.

What is a “job to be done”?

It is the outcome a user is trying to achieve.

Do JTBD interviews improve UX?

Yes. They help design products that better match user needs and motivations.

LET'S WORK TOGETHER

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UX, research and product leadership for teams tackling complex digital services. The work usually starts where things have become harder than they need to be: unclear journeys, inconsistent products, competing priorities, or teams trying to move forward without a clear direction. I help simplify the problem, shape the right next step, and turn complexity into something people can actually use.

Previous feedback

Will Parkhouse

Senior Content Designer

01/20