Content

Cloze Testing

A practical UX and content method for testing comprehension by asking users to complete structured missing-word content.

How to run cloze testing to identify confusing language and improve readability, clarity, and task support.

09 May 20124 min read

Quick take

If you want to know whether users really understand your content, remove some words and test comprehension.

What it is

Cloze testing is a UX and content method used to evaluate and by systematically removing words from a text and asking users to fill in the blanks.

It helps identify which parts of content are confusing, unclear, or poorly structured.

This method is often applied to instructional content, help articles, product descriptions, or any text that requires understanding to complete tasks.

The focus is on rather than grammar or style.

The goal is to ensure users can understand and act on your content as intended.

Cloze testing reveals where users genuinely understand content versus where they are only skimming.

When to use it

Use this method when you need to test content .

It is most useful when:

content is instructional or complex
you are refining copy for clarity
you want objective measures of understanding
you are preparing content for a wide audience
comprehension is critical for task completion

It is less useful when:

content is very short or simple
tasks do not rely on text comprehension
Cloze testing is often used alongside readability testing and plain language reviews.

Key takeaway

Use cloze testing when language clarity directly affects user success.

How to run it

Set up properly.

Before you start, be clear on the content to test, the words or phrases to remove, and the user group for testing.

Select representative content and realistic scenarios.

Run the method.

Cloze testing is structured and task-based.

Remove selected words systematically from the text. Present the modified content to users. Ask users to fill in the blanks. Observe errors, hesitation, or misinterpretation. Record and analyse .

Focus on , not recall ability alone.

Capture and make sense of it.

The value comes from identifying unclear or confusing content.

After testing: highlight words or sections that users struggle with, note of misunderstanding, prioritise content revisions, and validate improvements with follow-up tests.

Use this to make content more understandable and actionable.

What to look for

Focus on:

Comprehension
Are users able to fill in the blanks correctly
Confusion points
Sections where users make errors
Readability
Which phrases or structures are difficult
Consistency
Is language predictable and clear
Impact
How errors affect task completion

Where it goes wrong

Most issues come from:

If the blanks are too obvious or too hard, the results are invalid.

removing too many words or key context
testing unrepresentative users
ignoring patterns of misunderstanding
not iterating or revising content
overcomplicating the test

What you get from it

Done properly, this method gives you:

insight into content comprehension
identification of confusing words or structures
improved readability and usability
data to guide copy refinement

Key takeaway

It helps ensure users understand content and can act on it correctly.

Get in touch

If this sounds like something you need, we can run cloze testing on your content to identify gaps in and make your product easier to understand.

No guesswork. No assumptions. Just content that works for real users.

FAQ

Common questions

A few practical answers to the questions that usually come up around this method.

What is cloze testing in UX?

It is a method for measuring by having users fill in missing words in content.

When should you use cloze testing?

During , , or copy .

What can you test?

Instructional text, help articles, product copy, and messaging.

Why is it important?

It identifies sections users do not understand and prevents confusion.

Does cloze testing improve UX?

Yes. It ensures content is clear, understandable, and actionable.

LET'S WORK TOGETHER

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UX, research and product leadership for teams tackling complex digital services. The work usually starts where things have become harder than they need to be: unclear journeys, inconsistent products, competing priorities, or teams trying to move forward without a clear direction. I help simplify the problem, shape the right next step, and turn complexity into something people can actually use.

Previous feedback

Will Parkhouse

Senior Content Designer

01/20